Know the Anatomy of the Lungs and How to Maintain Their Health

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Know the Anatomy of the Lungs and How to Maintain Their Health

The anatomy of the lungs is composed of various parts that are interconnected to support the work of the respiratory system. Therefore, their health needs to be maintained so that they function properly and avoid damage or respiratory problems.

The lungs are the center of the human respiratory system. This organ consists of a pair of spongy textured tissues located on the right and left sides of the chest. Both will expand when you inhale and deflate when you exhale.

The main function of the lungs is to exchange air. When you breathe air, oxygen enters the lungs, then is distributed throughout the body through the bloodstream. Meanwhile, when exhaling, carbon dioxide is flowed through the blood to the lungs to be exhaled.

The lungs do not work alone in carrying out the respiratory function, but are supported by various structures of other tissues around them. These various tissues are part of the anatomy of the lungs and have different functions.

Anatomy of the Lungs and their Functions and Disorders that Can Occur

The following is an explanation of the anatomy of the lungs and their functions and disorders that can occur:

Pleura

The pleura is the lining or membrane that covers the lungs. This membrane serves to protect the lungs from friction with the walls of the chest cavity.

The pleura consists of two layers, namely the visceral layer and the parietal layer. The visceral layer is inside and directly attached to the surface of the lungs, while the parietal layer is outside the lungs and serves to line the lungs with the surrounding organs.

Between the two layers, there is a pleural cavity in which there is pleural fluid. This fluid acts as a lubricant when the lungs expand and contract during the breathing process.

There are several diseases that can attack the pleura, namely pleural effusion, inflammation of the pleura or pleurisy, and empyema.

bronchi

Bronchus is a respiratory tract that is closely related to the anatomy of the lungs. This organ functions as a conduit for air in and out of the throat to the lungs, and vice versa.

The bronchi have fine hairs that are lined with a mucous membrane. Its function is to filter and block the entry of dust and foreign particles that are inhaled from entering deeper into the lungs.

Several types of diseases that can attack the bronchi include bronchitis, bronchiectasis, and asthma

Bronchioles

Bronchioles are air passages that branch off from the bronchi. This section is responsible for draining air from the bronchi to the alveoli and vice versa. Some diseases that can occur if the bronchioles are problematic are bronchiolitis and asthma.

Alveoli

Alveoli are small sacs that function as a place for the exchange of oxygen and carbon dioxide. In the human lung, there are about 480 million alveoli.

These parts of the lungs are shaped like a 'balloon', which expands when you inhale or inhales oxygen and deflates when you exhale or exhale carbon dioxide.

There are several diseases that can attack the alveoli, namely pneumonia, emphysema, and atelectasis.

How to Maintain Lung Health

The human body has a natural defense system that is able to protect the anatomy of the lungs. However, it's good if you also keep making efforts to maintain overall health to avoid various respiratory diseases.

The following are ways that can be done to maintain lung health:

1. Stop smoking and avoid cigarette smoke

Smoking or inhaling secondhand smoke can trigger the lungs and their constituent organs. This is because cigarettes contain various chemicals, such as nicotine, carbon monoxide, and tar. These substances can damage the respiratory tract and lungs, thus interfering with respiratory function.

2. Avoid exposure to air pollution

Various air pollutants, such as motor vehicle fumes, waste burning smoke, or factory fumes, can also damage and accelerate lung aging. The aging lungs become more susceptible to various infections and diseases.

3. Exercise regularly

Exercise can increase blood flow to the lungs, so the lungs can deliver more oxygen to the blood. Exercise is also beneficial for preventing chronic lung disease.

4. Perform regular health checks

Chronic lung disease often goes undetected until the condition is serious. Therefore, it is necessary to have regular health checks even if you do not feel any symptoms.

For people under 50 years of age in good health, it is recommended to have a health check every 3 years. As for people over 50 years old, a health check should be done once a year.

In addition to doing the various ways above, also apply a healthy diet to maintain the health of your lungs. Therefore, make sure you meet a balanced nutritional intake every day.

That's an explanation of the anatomy of the lungs and how to maintain lung health to keep it functioning optimally. If you experience complaints in the respiratory system, do not delay to check your condition to the doctor.

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