Causes of Chronic Kidney Failure and Treatment
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| Causes of Chronic Kidney Failure and Treatment |
Chronic kidney failure occurs when kidney function gradually declines over time. This condition can be triggered by various serious diseases. Therefore, proper treatment needs to be done so that complications do not occur in other organs of the body.
Chronic kidney failure is often detected too late because kidney damage usually occurs gradually and causes no symptoms when it is first diagnosed. Symptoms of this disease usually only appear when the decline in kidney function is severe enough.
Symptoms can include urinating little or no urine, persistent itching, drastic weight loss, muscle cramps, and swollen feet.
Causes of Chronic Kidney Failure
Chronic kidney failure is usually triggered by diseases that can cause kidney damage. Several diseases can cause chronic kidney failure, including:
- Diabetes
- High blood pressure or hypertension
- Heart disease
- Glomerulonephritis
- Pyelonephritis or recurrent kidney infections
- Inflammation of the kidneys due to lupus
- Polycystic kidney disease
- Recurrent urinary tract infections
In addition to the diseases mentioned above, someone who is overweight or obese, is elderly, has a family history of kidney disease, smokes, or suffers from structural kidney defects is also at high risk of developing chronic kidney failure.
Treatment of Chronic Kidney Failure
Chronic kidney failure cannot be cured. However, the doctor will provide several treatments to prevent complications while improving the patient's quality of life. These treatments include:
1. Handling the disease that triggers it
If chronic kidney failure is caused by certain diseases, the first treatment given is to control the disease that triggers it.
For example, in the case of chronic kidney failure triggered by diabetes, the doctor will ask the patient to control blood sugar levels and prescribe diabetes medication. The reason is, high blood sugar levels also contribute to kidney damage.
2. Medicine
Chronic kidney failure can lead to a variety of serious complications, such as heart disease, fractures, fluid buildup or edema, hypertension, and hyperkalemia. Therefore, in order to minimize this risk, the doctor will prescribe certain drugs according to the patient's health condition.
Medications that can be prescribed include captopril to lower blood pressure, simvastatin to lower cholesterol levels, and calcium and vitamin D supplements to improve bone health.
3. Special diet
The doctor will also advise the patient to undergo a special diet for people with kidney disease. The recommended diet is to limit the intake of protein, salt, phosphorus, calcium, and potassium. The application of this diet aims to prevent kidney function from decreasing.
4. Dialysis or dialysis
The next treatment for chronic kidney failure is dialysis or dialysis. Dialysis is done to replace kidney function that has decreased or been damaged.
This procedure can cause side effects in the form of itchy skin and muscle cramps. However, patients will usually be given medication to relieve these symptoms.
5. Kidney transplant
In the case of end-stage chronic kidney failure, the doctor will advise the patient to undergo a kidney transplant.
This procedure aims to replace damaged kidney organs with healthy kidneys, so that kidney function can return to normal and improve the sufferer's quality of life.
Even so, kidney transplants can also cause serious complications, such as blood clots, infections, to heart attacks or strokes. Therefore, this procedure also requires special preparation to prevent complications.
If you are at high risk of chronic kidney failure, do regular health checks to the doctor rather can be detected early. That way, proper treatment can be done according to the cause and the risk of complications can be minimized.
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